{"id":10652,"date":"2019-06-19T09:55:43","date_gmt":"2019-06-19T07:55:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eoc.cat\/que-es-electromiografia-clinica\/"},"modified":"2022-02-17T10:52:25","modified_gmt":"2022-02-17T09:52:25","slug":"que-es-electromiografia-clinica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eoc.cat\/ca\/que-es-electromiografia-clinica\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s una electromiografia cl\u00ednica i per a qu\u00e8 serveix?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Una electromiografia cl\u00ednica \u00e9s una t\u00e8cnica de diagn\u00f2stic que es fa servir per avaluar els m\u00fasculs i nervis relacionats. L’objectiu amb qu\u00e8 es planteja inicialment aquesta prova \u00e9s detectar possibles anomalies. Entre les m\u00e9s t\u00edpiques hi ha la disfunci\u00f3 muscular o nerviosa. Aix\u00f2 no obstant, tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s possible detectar el defecte en l’enviament de senyals entre m\u00fasculs i nervis.<\/p>\n

En resum, es podria dir que \u00e9s una t\u00e8cnica m\u00e8dica per observar possibles irregularitats en m\u00fasculs o nervis. Tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s possible arribar a detectar problemes relacionats amb tots dos alhora. La fi de la prova \u00e9s arribar a con\u00e8ixer l’origen del problema si n’hi ha.<\/p>\n

Com es fa una electromiografia cl\u00ednica?<\/h2>\n

L’electromiografia cl\u00ednica consisteix en un procediment r\u00e0pid i senzill que t\u00e9 una durada aproximada de mitja hora a una hora. Es realitza a la mateixa consulta o laboratori de neurofisiologia<\/a>, on el pacient acudeix sense preparaci\u00f3 pr\u00e8via. A difer\u00e8ncia d’altres proves, no cal ingerir cap aliment o medicament ni acudir en dej\u00fa.<\/p>\n

Aquesta prova es fa sobre els m\u00fasculs que es creu que puguin estar afectats. Per aix\u00f2, en alguns casos conv\u00e9 desvestir-se o no. A m\u00e9s, \u00e9s freq\u00fcent que el pacient es tombi per a l’exploraci\u00f3. Aix\u00f2 us permetr\u00e0 relaxar-vos i evitar el nerviosisme. En tot moment s’aconsella al metge o als auxiliars d’infermeria<\/a> que intentin mantenir calmat el pacient. Cal evitar que aquest faci moviments bruscs.<\/p>\n

L’electromiografia cl\u00ednica es realitza amb el\u00e8ctrodes, que contenen una agulla molt fina. Aquesta agulla es punxa a les zones d\u2019estudi per obtenir un resultat fiable. Si b\u00e9 \u00e9s cert que s\u00f3n for\u00e7a fines, moltes punxades poden incomodar el pacient. A m\u00e9s, \u00e9s freq\u00fcent que durant l’exploraci\u00f3 es moguin els el\u00e8ctrodes. En aquest cas es recomana relaxar-se i comentar-ho al metge perqu\u00e8 doni un descans.<\/p>\n

Els el\u00e8ctrodes capten la velocitat de propagaci\u00f3 de l’est\u00edmul nervi\u00f3s que s’ha llen\u00e7at a trav\u00e9s dels nervis. D’aquesta manera, coneixent la velocitat te\u00f2rica es poden observar irregularitats. Aquestes lesions es relacionen directament amb la p\u00e8rdua de massa del m\u00fascul o l’abs\u00e8ncia de for\u00e7a. Per aix\u00f2, serveix per detectar problemes en m\u00fascul i\/o nervis.<\/p>\n

Quins tipus d\u2019electromiografia hi ha?<\/h2>\n

Els diferents tipus de proves depenen fonamentalment de quina sigui la sospita del metge. Aix\u00ed, hi ha algunes variants on tamb\u00e9 varia la mida de l’agulla de l’an\u00e0lisi.<\/p>\n

Algunes d’aquestes variants s\u00f3n l’electromiografia de fibra a\u00efllada, encara que tamb\u00e9 se’n poden fer d’altres relacionades. Entre les m\u00e9s freq\u00fcents, hi ha electroneurografia, estudi de la uni\u00f3 neuromuscular o estimulaci\u00f3 repetitiva.<\/p>\n

En una primera an\u00e0lisi, el metge optar\u00e0 per una o altra. No obstant aix\u00f2, si queden dubtes despr\u00e9s dels resultats, se’n podran utilitzar altres addicionalment.<\/p>\n

\"electromiografia\"<\/p>\n

Quins resultats pot donar aquesta t\u00e8cnica?<\/h2>\n

En moltes ocasions, es t\u00e9 un s\u00edmptoma for\u00e7a gandul de la lesi\u00f3. Per\u00f2 els resultats de l’electromiografia poden determinar amb precisi\u00f3 quina part tenim afectada. Aix\u00f2 \u00e9s decidir si el problema ve d’un m\u00fascul, d’un nervi en concret o de tota una arrel nerviosa. De vegades, l’afectaci\u00f3 \u00e9s de diversos elements alhora, cosa que tamb\u00e9 es pot detectar.<\/p>\n

D’altra banda, a trav\u00e9s de la detecci\u00f3 de la lesi\u00f3 i de la localitzaci\u00f3, se’n pot concretar l’origen. \u00c9s a dir, quina \u00e9s la causa que ho est\u00e0 originant i sobre la qual cal actuar. Imaginem el cas de la diabetis, una malaltia que amb prou feines dona senyals fins que \u00e9s massa tard. Localitzant l’origen de l’afectaci\u00f3, es pot aplicar un tractament que freni el desenvolupament de la malaltia. Controlar la malaltia que va provocar inicialment el dany pot resultar de gran ajut.<\/p>\n

Precaucions i complicacions relacionades<\/h2>\n

Aquesta t\u00e8cnica resulta una mica invasiva, per la qual cosa cal tenir en compte algunes precaucions. Les punxades poden provocar el trencament lleu d’alguns vasos sanguinis. Per aix\u00f2, cal tenir especial cura amb alguns f\u00e0rmacs que alteren la coagulaci\u00f3 de la sang. Entre ells, en destaquem alguns de tan freq\u00fcents com l’\u00e0cid acetilsalic\u00edlic (conegut popularment com a aspirina). La ingesta d’aquests f\u00e0rmacs ha de ser comunicada al metge perqu\u00e8 tingui una precauci\u00f3 especial durant l’exploraci\u00f3, ja que un consum d’anticoagulants far\u00e0 que les punxades siguin de m\u00e9s risc en perdre’s m\u00e9s sang.<\/p>\n

A m\u00e9s, cal que el pacient vagi a la prova d’electromiografia despr\u00e9s de dutxar-se i sense haver fet servir cremes o olis corporals.<\/p>\n

Pel que fa a les complicacions, ressenyarem que no solen ser molt freq\u00fcents. No obstant aix\u00f2, poden tenir lloc com a conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncia de les punxades. Pel que fa al sagnat exterior, la veritat \u00e9s que \u00e9s poc freq\u00fcent, llevat que es prengui algun f\u00e0rmac en particular. No obstant aix\u00f2, s\u00ed que poden apar\u00e8ixer alguns hematomes interns. D’altra banda, hi ha un risc d’infecci\u00f3 per bacteris que es poden arrossegar des de l’exterior.<\/p>\n

En definitiva, una electromiografia cl\u00ednica \u00e9s una prova molt recomanable si se sospita alguna alteraci\u00f3. Cal, per\u00f2, estar segurs abans de realitzar-la, ja que pot resultar inc\u00f2moda per al pacient.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Una electromiografia cl\u00ednica \u00e9s una t\u00e8cnica de diagn\u00f2stic que es fa servir per avaluar els m\u00fasculs i nervis relacionats. L’objectiu amb qu\u00e8 es planteja inicialment aquesta prova \u00e9s detectar possibles anomalies. Entre les m\u00e9s t\u00edpiques hi ha la disfunci\u00f3 muscular o nerviosa. Aix\u00f2 no obstant, tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s possible detectar el defecte en l’enviament de senyals […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":6403,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[88],"tags":[89,92,102],"class_list":["post-10652","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-auxiliar-infermeria","tag-auxiliar-infermeria","tag-auxiliar-quirofan","tag-emergencies-sanitaries"],"yoast_head":"\nQu\u00e8 \u00e9s una electromiografia cl\u00ednica i per a qu\u00e8 serveix? | EOC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"En aquest article formatiu t'expliquem qu\u00e8 \u00e9s una electromiografia i per qu\u00e8 es fa aquesta prova del teu sistema nervi\u00f3s.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/eoc.cat\/ca\/que-es-electromiografia-clinica\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s una electromiografia cl\u00ednica i per a qu\u00e8 serveix? | EOC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"En aquest article formatiu t'expliquem qu\u00e8 \u00e9s una electromiografia i per qu\u00e8 es fa aquesta prova del teu sistema nervi\u00f3s.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/eoc.cat\/ca\/que-es-electromiografia-clinica\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Escola d'Oficis Catalunya\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/EscoladOficisCatalunya\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-06-19T07:55:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-02-17T09:52:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/eoc.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/electromiografia.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"810\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"513\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"EOC\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s una electromiografia cl\u00ednica i per a qu\u00e8 serveix? 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