{"id":13887,"date":"2025-01-27T09:07:24","date_gmt":"2025-01-27T08:07:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eoc.cat\/?p=13887"},"modified":"2025-01-27T09:35:14","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T08:35:14","slug":"aparell-locomotor-funcionalitat-parts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eoc.cat\/ca\/aparell-locomotor-funcionalitat-parts\/","title":{"rendered":"L’aparell locomotor, funcionalitat i parts principals"},"content":{"rendered":"

L’aparell locomotor<\/strong> involucra a bona part del cos i \u00e9s el principal responsable del moviment<\/strong>. Al llarg de la teva carrera sanit\u00e0ria, veur\u00e0s moltes situacions en les quals aquest sistema estar\u00e0 involucrat. Per aix\u00f2, has de con\u00e8ixer en profunditat el seu funcionament.<\/p>\n

Aquest tema forma part del temari del curs de T\u00e8cnic en Cures Auxiliars d’Infermeria<\/a> i altres formacions de la branca sanit\u00e0ria impartides en EOC.<\/p>\n

Definici\u00f3 d’aparell locomotor<\/h2>\n

Has d’entendre que l’aparell locomotor est\u00e0 format per diferents estructures anat\u00f2miques<\/strong>. La coordinaci\u00f3 entre totes elles permet realitzar els moviments corporals i realitzar moltes de les tasques del dia a dia.<\/p>\n

Els teixits del sistema locomotor<\/h2>\n

Per a aconseguir el correcte funcionament d’aquest sistema hi ha tres parts involucrades<\/p>\n

Els ossos<\/h3>\n

En el cos hum\u00e0<\/strong> pots trobar m\u00e9s de 200 ossos<\/strong>, per\u00f2 no tots compleixen amb les mateixes funcions. El pes de cada individu el suporten els ossos llargs<\/strong>, com el f\u00e8mur<\/strong> o l’h\u00famer<\/strong>. Els coneguts com a ossos curts<\/strong>, d’altra banda, gestionen tots els moviments fins. Finalment, hi ha ossos la missi\u00f3 principal dels quals \u00e9s la de protegir altres teixits. \u00c9s el cas dels ossos plans<\/strong>, com el crani<\/strong> o les costelles<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Les articulacions<\/h3>\n

Els ossos no poden generar moviments per si sols, ja que no estan interconnectats. Per a aquesta funci\u00f3 existeixen les articulacions<\/strong>. Igual que ocorria amb els ossos, les seves funcions s\u00f3n molt diverses. Les\u00a0diartrosis<\/strong>\u00a0o articulacions m\u00f2bils, estan dissenyades per a facilitar els moviments amplis<\/strong>. El colze i el genoll s\u00f3n dos de les articulacions m\u00e9s importants, ja que permeten la flexi\u00f3 de bra\u00e7os i cames.<\/p>\n

Altres articulacions tenen una menor mobilitat i se les coneix com a semim\u00f2bils<\/strong>, com \u00e9s el cas de les v\u00e8rtebres<\/strong>. Finalment, estan les articulacions que no tenen cap mobilitat, conegudes com a fixes<\/strong>. Nom\u00e9s les trobar\u00e0s en les sutures del crani i serveixen \u00fanicament per a unir els diferents ossos que el conformen.<\/p>\n

La musculatura<\/h3>\n

Hi ha m\u00e9s de 600 m\u00fasculs<\/strong> presents en el cos hum\u00e0. Amb la seva contracci\u00f3 generen for\u00e7a i impuls per a moure l’esquelet o conservar la seva postura. Pots trobar tres tipus diferents. Els m\u00fasculs esquel\u00e8tics<\/strong>, encarregats de moviments voluntaris i units als ossos per tendons. Els llisos<\/strong>, es troben en les parets dels \u00f2rgans interns i no es poden moure de manera volunt\u00e0ria. I, finalment, el m\u00fascul card\u00edac<\/strong>. Gr\u00e0cies a ell, el cor \u00e9s capa\u00e7 de contreure’s r\u00edtmicament per a bombar la sang a la resta de l’organisme.<\/p>\n

Ara ja coneixes una mica millor els diferents teixits de l’aparell locomotor.<\/p>\n

Funcionalitat del sistema locomotor<\/h2>\n

Com ja has pogut comprovar sobre aquestes l\u00ednies, la funci\u00f3 principal del sistema o aparell locomotor \u00e9s permetre els moviments corporals<\/strong>. La interacci\u00f3 dels m\u00fasculs amb els diferents ossos i articulacions \u00e9s el que ho fa possible. I \u00e9s una cosa que serveix per a molt m\u00e9s que simplement caminar o c\u00f3rrer. Qualsevol petita motricitat, per fina que sigui, es produeix gr\u00e0cies al sistema locomotor. Per\u00f2, a m\u00e9s de la seva funci\u00f3 principal, hi ha altres menys conegudes i igual d’essencials.<\/p>\n

\"funcionalitat<\/p>\n

Sustentaci\u00f3, suport i protecci\u00f3<\/h3>\n

L’estructura r\u00edgida<\/strong> que formen els ossos \u00e9s la que s’encarrega de sostenir tots els teixits tous del cos. I tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s la responsable de mantenir en el seu lloc, ben protegits, tots els \u00f2rgans interns.<\/p>\n

Producci\u00f3 de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules sangu\u00ednies<\/h4>\n

El sistema immune<\/strong> comparteix algunes de les seves estructures amb l’aparell locomotor. I \u00e9s que la producci\u00f3 de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules sangu\u00ednies<\/strong> s’origina a l’interior de la medul\u00b7la \u00f2ssia<\/strong>. Els hemocitoblasts<\/strong>, unes c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare que tots els humans emmagatzemem durant tota la nostra vida, s’adapten a diferents funcions segons les necessitats de l’organisme. Aix\u00ed, quan arriba el moment de reempla\u00e7ar velles c\u00e8l\u00b7lules, els hemocitoblasts sofreixen un proc\u00e9s d’especialitzaci\u00f3 conegut com a hematopoesi<\/strong>. Aix\u00f2 s\u00ed, la medul\u00b7la espinal no \u00e9s l’\u00fanica font d’hemocitoblasts. Tamb\u00e9 s\u00f3n presents en la sang del cord\u00f3 umbilical dels nounats, per exemple. D’aqu\u00ed la import\u00e0ncia d’aquest teixit a l’hora de tractar algunes malalties com la leuc\u00e8mia<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Magatzem de minerals<\/h4>\n

El calci<\/strong> i el f\u00f2sfor<\/strong> s’emmagatzemen al llarg de tota la vida a l’interior dels ossos. I aix\u00f2 els converteix en la font principal<\/strong> d’aquests dos minerals dins de l’organisme. De fet, \u00e9s fonamental comptar amb uns nivells adequats de tots dos per a mantenir en bon estat aquestes estructures de l’aparell locomotor.<\/p>\n

Com protegir el sistema locomotor?<\/h4>\n

Si hi ha alguna cosa que has d’expressar a cadascun dels teus pacients en el teu treball com a auxiliar d’infermeria<\/strong> \u00e9s la import\u00e0ncia de cuidar el seu sistema locomotor perqu\u00e8 puguin portar una vida activa i saludable. Encara que \u00e9s inevitable que es produeixin fractures o lesions musculars, fer esport i portar una dieta equilibrada<\/strong>, rica en calci, vitamines i baixa en greixos, ajuda a preservar la salut de tots els teixits involucrats en el moviment. A m\u00e9s, la higiene postural<\/strong> \u00e9s vital, sobretot en treballs en els quals han d’aixecar-se c\u00e0rregues de manera habitual o quan es passa molt temps assegut.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Con\u00e8ixer a la perfecci\u00f3 l’aparell locomotor et permetr\u00e0 comprendre millor les bases del moviment i les possibles complicacions que pot presentar cada pacient.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L’aparell locomotor involucra a bona part del cos i \u00e9s el principal responsable del moviment. Al llarg de la teva carrera sanit\u00e0ria, veur\u00e0s moltes situacions en les quals aquest sistema estar\u00e0 involucrat. Per aix\u00f2, has de con\u00e8ixer en profunditat el seu funcionament. Aquest tema forma part del temari del curs de T\u00e8cnic en Cures Auxiliars […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":13878,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[88],"tags":[89],"class_list":["post-13887","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-auxiliar-infermeria","tag-auxiliar-infermeria"],"yoast_head":"\nL'aparell locomotor, funcionalitat i parts principals | EOC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L'aparell locomotor involucra a bona part del cos i \u00e9s el principal responsable del moviment. 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